[doc] + git+ssh multiplex trick

4 files changed, 937 insertions, 1 deletions

diff --git a/README/index.html b/README/index.html
index 172692da5..7e37211f5 100644
--- a/README/index.html
+++ b/README/index.html
@@ -938,13 +938,111 @@ resolve the situation.</p></div>
   <span class="na">mergeoptions</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">--ff-only</span>
 </pre></div></div></div>
 </div>
+<div class="sect2">
+<h3 id="_set_up_ssh_mulitplexing_for_speed">2.6. Set up SSH Mulitplexing for Speed</h3>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>This is one of my most convenient tricks. The slowest parts of <tt>git pull</tt> and
+<tt>git push</tt> are starting up the SSH connection. However, there is a way to
+eliminate this problem simply by opening a persistent tunnel, which <tt>git pull</tt>
+and <tt>git push</tt> automatically reuse.</p></div>
+<div class="sect3">
+<h4 id="_ssh_config">2.6.1. ~/.ssh/config</h4>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>Enter the ControlMaster option for OpenSSH.</p></div>
+<div class="quoteblock">
+<div class="content">
+<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>ControlMaster</strong></p></div>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>Enables the sharing of multiple sessions over a single network connection.
+When set to &#x201C;yes&#x201D;, ssh(1) will listen for connections on a control socket
+specified using the ControlPath argument.  Additional sessions can connect to
+this socket using the same <strong>ControlPath</strong> with <strong>ControlMaster</strong> set to &#x201C;no&#x201D;
+(the default).</p></div>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>These sessions will try to reuse the master instance&#x2019;s network connection
+rather than initiating new ones, but will fall back to connecting normally if
+the control socket does not exist, or is not listening.</p></div>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>Setting this to &#x201C;ask&#x201D; will cause ssh to listen for control connections, but
+require confirmation using the SSH_ASKPASS program before they are accepted
+(see ssh-add(1) for details).  If the <strong>ControlPath</strong> cannot be opened, ssh will
+continue without connecting to a master instance.</p></div>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>X11 and ssh-agent(1) forwarding is supported over these multiplexed
+connections, however the display and agent forwarded will be the one belonging
+to the master connection i.e. it is not possible to forward multiple displays
+or agents.</p></div>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>Two additional options allow for opportunistic multiplexing: try to use a
+master connection but fall back to creating a new one if one does not already
+exist.  These options are: &#x201C;auto&#x201D; and &#x201C;autoask&#x201D;.  The latter requires
+confirmation like the &#x201C;ask&#x201D; option.</p></div>
+</div>
+<div class="attribution">
+</div></div>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>So I set up my ~/.ssh/config as follows.</p></div>
+<div class="listingblock">
+<div class="content"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre>1
+2
+3
+4
+5
+6</pre></div></td><td class="code"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="c">#~/.ssh/config</span>
+ControlMaster auto
+ControlPath ~/.ssh/pool/%r@%h
+ServerAliveCountMax 6
+ServerAliveInterval 10
+TCPKeepAlive yes
+</pre></div>
+</td></tr></table></div></div>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>And we&#x2019;re set!.</p></div>
+</div>
+<div class="sect3">
+<h4 id="_first_a_few_benchmarks">2.6.2. First, a few benchmarks</h4>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>First, lets see how fast it is without the magic:</p></div>
+<div class="listingblock">
+<div class="content"><div class="highlight"><pre>&gt; <span class="nb">time </span><span class="k">for </span>i in <span class="k">$(</span> seq 0 10 <span class="k">)</span> ; <span class="k">do </span>git fetch github; <span class="k">done</span>
+
+real    0m47.798s
+user    0m0.226s
+sys     0m0.236s
+
+&gt; <span class="nb">time </span><span class="k">for </span>i in <span class="k">$(</span> seq 0 10 <span class="k">)</span> ; <span class="k">do </span>git fetch origin; <span class="k">done</span>
+
+real    0m48.444s
+user    0m0.235s
+sys     0m0.250s
+</pre></div></div></div>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>Averaging about 4.34s per fetch to Github, 4.40s to gentoo overlays.</p></div>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>SLOOW.</p></div>
+</div>
+<div class="sect3">
+<h4 id="_start_a_background_connection">2.6.3. Start a background connection</h4>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>With ControlMaster, you set up a long-lived SSH connection.</p></div>
+<div class="listingblock">
+<div class="content"><div class="highlight"><pre>&gt; ssh -fNn git@github.com
+&gt; ssh -fNn git@git.overlays.gentoo.org
+</pre></div></div></div>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>And we&#x2019;re truely really to start cooking with petrol.</p></div>
+</div>
+<div class="sect3">
+<h4 id="_post_configuration_benchmarks">2.6.4. Post Configuration Benchmarks</h4>
+<div class="listingblock">
+<div class="content"><div class="highlight"><pre>&gt; <span class="nb">time </span><span class="k">for </span>i in <span class="k">$(</span> seq 0 10 <span class="k">)</span> ; <span class="k">do </span>git fetch github; <span class="k">done</span>
+
+real    0m12.935s
+user    0m0.093s
+sys     0m0.193s
+
+&gt; <span class="nb">time </span><span class="k">for </span>i in <span class="k">$(</span> seq 0 10 <span class="k">)</span> ; <span class="k">do </span>git fetch origin; <span class="k">done</span>
+
+real    0m11.597s
+user    0m0.099s
+sys     0m0.191s
+</pre></div></div></div>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>O_o. Averaging about 1.175s and 1.05s respectively.</p></div>
+</div>
+</div>
 </div>
 </div>
 </div>
 <div id="footnotes"><hr/></div>
 <div id="footer">
 <div id="footer-text">
-Last updated 2010-09-29 13:27:58 NZDT
+Last updated 2010-09-29 14:37:13 NZDT
 </div>
 <div id="footer-badges">
 <a href="http://validator.w3.org/check?uri=referer">
diff --git a/README/index.txt b/README/index.txt
index ed4518e4b..c4f04dd52 100644
--- a/README/index.txt
+++ b/README/index.txt
@@ -14,3 +14,4 @@ include::src/git/contribution-order.txt[]
 include::src/git/linearize-commits.txt[]
 include::src/git/work-in-a-branch.txt[]
 include::src/git/disable-merge-pull.txt[]
+include::src/git/ssh-multiplex.txt[]
diff --git a/README/src/git/ssh-multiplex.html b/README/src/git/ssh-multiplex.html
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..7fdcef13f
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+</head>
+<body class="article">
+<div id="header">
+<h1>Set up SSH Mulitplexing for Speed</h1>
+<div id="toc">
+  <div id="toctitle">Table of Contents</div>
+  <noscript><p><b>JavaScript must be enabled in your browser to display the table of contents.</b></p></noscript>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div id="content">
+<div id="preamble">
+<div class="sectionbody">
+<div class="paragraph"><p>This is one of my most convenient tricks. The slowest parts of <tt>git pull</tt> and
+<tt>git push</tt> are starting up the SSH connection. However, there is a way to
+eliminate this problem simply by opening a persistent tunnel, which <tt>git pull</tt>
+and <tt>git push</tt> automatically reuse.</p></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="sect1">
+<h2 id="_ssh_config">1. ~/.ssh/config</h2>
+<div class="sectionbody">
+<div class="paragraph"><p>Enter the ControlMaster option for OpenSSH.</p></div>
+<div class="quoteblock">
+<div class="content">
+<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>ControlMaster</strong></p></div>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>Enables the sharing of multiple sessions over a single network connection.
+When set to &#x201C;yes&#x201D;, ssh(1) will listen for connections on a control socket
+specified using the ControlPath argument.  Additional sessions can connect to
+this socket using the same <strong>ControlPath</strong> with <strong>ControlMaster</strong> set to &#x201C;no&#x201D;
+(the default).</p></div>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>These sessions will try to reuse the master instance&#x2019;s network connection
+rather than initiating new ones, but will fall back to connecting normally if
+the control socket does not exist, or is not listening.</p></div>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>Setting this to &#x201C;ask&#x201D; will cause ssh to listen for control connections, but
+require confirmation using the SSH_ASKPASS program before they are accepted
+(see ssh-add(1) for details).  If the <strong>ControlPath</strong> cannot be opened, ssh will
+continue without connecting to a master instance.</p></div>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>X11 and ssh-agent(1) forwarding is supported over these multiplexed
+connections, however the display and agent forwarded will be the one belonging
+to the master connection i.e. it is not possible to forward multiple displays
+or agents.</p></div>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>Two additional options allow for opportunistic multiplexing: try to use a
+master connection but fall back to creating a new one if one does not already
+exist.  These options are: &#x201C;auto&#x201D; and &#x201C;autoask&#x201D;.  The latter requires
+confirmation like the &#x201C;ask&#x201D; option.</p></div>
+</div>
+<div class="attribution">
+</div></div>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>So I set up my ~/.ssh/config as follows.</p></div>
+<div class="listingblock">
+<div class="content"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre>1
+2
+3
+4
+5
+6</pre></div></td><td class="code"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="c">#~/.ssh/config</span>
+ControlMaster auto
+ControlPath ~/.ssh/pool/%r@%h
+ServerAliveCountMax 6
+ServerAliveInterval 10
+TCPKeepAlive yes
+</pre></div>
+</td></tr></table></div></div>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>And we&#x2019;re set!.</p></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="sect1">
+<h2 id="_first_a_few_benchmarks">2. First, a few benchmarks</h2>
+<div class="sectionbody">
+<div class="paragraph"><p>First, lets see how fast it is without the magic:</p></div>
+<div class="listingblock">
+<div class="content"><div class="highlight"><pre>&gt; <span class="nb">time </span><span class="k">for </span>i in <span class="k">$(</span> seq 0 10 <span class="k">)</span> ; <span class="k">do </span>git fetch github; <span class="k">done</span>
+
+real    0m47.798s
+user    0m0.226s
+sys     0m0.236s
+
+&gt; <span class="nb">time </span><span class="k">for </span>i in <span class="k">$(</span> seq 0 10 <span class="k">)</span> ; <span class="k">do </span>git fetch origin; <span class="k">done</span>
+
+real    0m48.444s
+user    0m0.235s
+sys     0m0.250s
+</pre></div></div></div>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>Averaging about 4.34s per fetch to Github, 4.40s to gentoo overlays.</p></div>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>SLOOW.</p></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="sect1">
+<h2 id="_start_a_background_connection">3. Start a background connection</h2>
+<div class="sectionbody">
+<div class="paragraph"><p>With ControlMaster, you set up a long-lived SSH connection.</p></div>
+<div class="listingblock">
+<div class="content"><div class="highlight"><pre>&gt; ssh -fNn git@github.com
+&gt; ssh -fNn git@git.overlays.gentoo.org
+</pre></div></div></div>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>And we&#x2019;re truely really to start cooking with petrol.</p></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="sect1">
+<h2 id="_post_configuration_benchmarks">4. Post Configuration Benchmarks</h2>
+<div class="sectionbody">
+<div class="listingblock">
+<div class="content"><div class="highlight"><pre>&gt; <span class="nb">time </span><span class="k">for </span>i in <span class="k">$(</span> seq 0 10 <span class="k">)</span> ; <span class="k">do </span>git fetch github; <span class="k">done</span>
+
+real    0m12.935s
+user    0m0.093s
+sys     0m0.193s
+
+&gt; <span class="nb">time </span><span class="k">for </span>i in <span class="k">$(</span> seq 0 10 <span class="k">)</span> ; <span class="k">do </span>git fetch origin; <span class="k">done</span>
+
+real    0m11.597s
+user    0m0.099s
+sys     0m0.191s
+</pre></div></div></div>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>O_o. Averaging about 1.175s and 1.05s respectively.</p></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div id="footnotes"><hr/></div>
+<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer-text">
+Last updated 2010-09-29 16:52:25 NZDT
+</div>
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diff --git a/README/src/git/ssh-multiplex.txt b/README/src/git/ssh-multiplex.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..43f58bfb9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/README/src/git/ssh-multiplex.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+Set up SSH Mulitplexing for Speed
+=================================
+
+This is one of my most convenient tricks. The slowest parts of `git pull` and
+`git push` are starting up the SSH connection. However, there is a way to
+eliminate this problem simply by opening a persistent tunnel, which `git pull`
+and `git push` automatically reuse.
+
+~/.ssh/config
+-------------
+
+Enter the ControlMaster option for OpenSSH. 
+
+_________________________
+*ControlMaster*
+
+Enables the sharing of multiple sessions over a single network connection.
+When set to “yes”, ssh(1) will listen for connections on a control socket
+specified using the ControlPath argument.  Additional sessions can connect to
+this socket using the same *ControlPath* with *ControlMaster* set to “no”
+(the default).
+
+These sessions will try to reuse the master instance's network connection
+rather than initiating new ones, but will fall back to connecting normally if
+the control socket does not exist, or is not listening.
+
+Setting this to “ask” will cause ssh to listen for control connections, but
+require confirmation using the SSH_ASKPASS program before they are accepted
+(see ssh-add(1) for details).  If the *ControlPath* cannot be opened, ssh will
+continue without connecting to a master instance.
+
+X11 and ssh-agent(1) forwarding is supported over these multiplexed
+connections, however the display and agent forwarded will be the one belonging
+to the master connection i.e. it is not possible to forward multiple displays
+or agents.
+
+Two additional options allow for opportunistic multiplexing: try to use a
+master connection but fall back to creating a new one if one does not already
+exist.  These options are: “auto” and “autoask”.  The latter requires
+confirmation like the “ask” option.
+_________________________
+
+So I set up my ~/.ssh/config as follows.
+
+[source,bash,numbered]
+#~/.ssh/config
+ControlMaster auto
+ControlPath ~/.ssh/pool/%r@%h
+ServerAliveCountMax 6
+ServerAliveInterval 10
+TCPKeepAlive yes
+
+And we're set!.
+
+First, a few benchmarks
+-----------------------
+
+First, lets see how fast it is without the magic:
+
+[source,bash]
+------
+> time for i in $( seq 0 10 ) ; do git fetch github; done
+
+real	0m47.798s
+user	0m0.226s
+sys	0m0.236s
+
+> time for i in $( seq 0 10 ) ; do git fetch origin; done
+
+real	0m48.444s
+user	0m0.235s
+sys	0m0.250s
+------
+
+Averaging about 4.34s per fetch to Github, 4.40s to gentoo overlays. 
+
+SLOOW.
+
+Start a background connection
+-----------------------------
+
+With ControlMaster, you set up a long-lived SSH connection.
+
+[source,bash]
+------
+> ssh -fNn git@github.com
+> ssh -fNn git@git.overlays.gentoo.org
+------
+
+And we're truely really to start cooking with petrol.
+
+Post Configuration Benchmarks
+-----------------------------
+
+[source,bash]
+------
+> time for i in $( seq 0 10 ) ; do git fetch github; done
+
+real	0m12.935s
+user	0m0.093s
+sys	0m0.193s
+
+> time for i in $( seq 0 10 ) ; do git fetch origin; done
+
+real	0m11.597s
+user	0m0.099s
+sys	0m0.191s
+------
+
+O_o. Averaging about 1.175s and 1.05s respectively.
+
+
+